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When mining metal mines with steep structure planes by the caving method, there is a mechanical model in which the horizontal stress on the rock mass is simplified as a column before surface subsidence. The model is used to deduce critical support load and limiting column length for a given horizontal stress and support pressure. Considering the impact of the column effect, a method is proposed to determine the movement of the ground and caving area in a mine. After surface subsidence, the horizontal stress on a surrounding rock mass can be simplified to a cantilever beam mechanical model. Expressions for its bending fracture length are deduced, and a method is given to determine its stability. On this basis, an explanation for the large ground movement and subsidence scope was given. A case study shows that the damage effect of column and cantilever beam is significant for ground movement in metal-ore mine, and an appropriate correction value should be applied when designing for its angle of ground movements.