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辐射杀菌用于保藏食品的最早报告,收集于1930年的美国专利集中。1960年美国用大照射量照射过的食品,供给军队使用。1962年美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)第一次批准使用照射加工的小麦及其制品和马铃薯等食品。1972年12月美国阿波罗17号宇宙飞船的食用面包和火腿,是分别用5万拉德和4.3百万拉德照射过的。美国在侵越战争中,在35℃左右的炎热气温中向各处运输辐射肉,满足了战争对食品的需求。据估计每年全世界因虫蛀和腐败造成的食物损耗,约占食物总产量的20～30%。所以各国均对辐射食品进行了广泛研究。1980年12月4日联合国粮农组织、世界卫生组织和国际原子能机构在维也纳正式宣布:“为了保护食品,在10千格雷(1兆拉德)剂量以内辐照任何食品不会引起毒理学的危害。因此,用这种方法处理的食品已不需要作毒理学检验”。
The earliest report of radiation sterilization for the preservation of food was collected in the United States Patent Center in 1930. The food irradiated by the United States in 1960 was used by the military. In 1962, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for the first time the use of irradiation-processed wheat and its products, and potatoes and other foods. In December 1972, the bread and ham served on the US spacecraft Apollo 17 were irradiated with 50,000 rads and 4.3 million rads respectively. In the invasion war, the United States transported radiant meat throughout the hot temperatures around 35°C to meet the food demand of the war. It is estimated that the food losses caused by insects and corruption in the world each year account for about 20-30% of the total food production. Therefore, various countries have conducted extensive research on radiation foods. On December 4, 1980, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the International Atomic Energy Agency formally announced in Vienna: “In order to protect food, any food irradiated within a dose of 10 kilgole (1 megarad) will not cause toxicological hazards. Therefore, foods treated in this way do not require toxicological tests."