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苗全苗壮是夺取大豆高产的基础。这是广大贫下中农在大豆高产实践中总结出的一条重要经验。大豆的种子长成苗,是种子胚与环境条件不断进行新陈代谢的结果。因此,了解大豆种子的结构,种子的生活力,种子萌发和幼苗生长的生理是很重要的。种子的结构和物质组成籽粒饱满程度对种子萌发和幼胚的生长影响很大。俗话说:“好种出好苗,好苗产量高”就是这个道理。大豆是双子叶植物,种子无胚乳,分种皮、胚和两片肥大发达的子叶(图1)。
Seedlings Miao Zhuang is to seize the basis for high yield soybean. This is an important experience summed up by the vast majority of poor and middle peasants in the high-yielding practice of soybean. Soybean seeds grow into seedlings, seed embryos and environmental conditions continue to be the result of metabolism. Therefore, it is important to understand the structure of soybean seeds, the viability of seeds, the germination of seeds and the physiology of seedling growth. The structure and composition of seeds The degree of fullness of seeds has a great influence on the seed germination and the growth of immature embryos. As the saying goes: “Good kind of good seedlings, seedlings high yield” is the truth. Soybean is a dicotyledonous plant with no endosperm seeds, seeds, embryos and two hypertrophic cotyledons (Fig. 1).