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目的了解盐城市某纺织企业接触噪声环境作业人员的健康状况,预防职业禁忌证及职业病,为保护劳动者健康提供参考依据。方法收集2016年盐城市某纺织企业623名噪声作业人员的职业健康检查资料,并对体检结果进行分析。结果 623名工人中,男女性别比0.35∶1,平均年龄(42.05±6.68)岁,接触噪声平均工龄为(8.63±5.95)a。体检结果异常491人,异常检出率78.81%;血压异常129人,异常检出率20.71%,与性别、年龄具有统计学意义(χ~2=20.22,χ~2=17.83,P<0.01),男性血压异常率高于女性、年龄越大血压异常率越高,与接触噪声的工龄无关;心电图异常67人,异常检出率10.75%,与年龄、工龄有统计学意义(χ~2=85.614,χ~2=36.208,P<0.01),与性别无关;听力损伤210人,异常检出率为33.71%,与年龄、工龄具有统计学意义(χ~2=35.953,χ~2=86.474,P<0.01),年龄越大、工龄越长听力损伤越严重,与性别无关。结论长期在噪声环境下作业,可引起血压、心电图、听力、血尿常规、血糖血脂、肝肾功能等异常,噪声对人体健康的影响是多方面的,应多措并举,采取防护措施,以减少噪声对人体的危害。
Objective To understand the health status of workers engaged in noisy environment in a textile enterprise in Yancheng, prevent occupational contraindications and occupational diseases and provide a reference for the protection of workers’ health. Methods The occupational health examination data of 623 noise workers in a textile enterprise in Yancheng city in 2016 were collected and the results of physical examination were analyzed. Results Among 623 workers, the ratio of male to female was 0.35: 1, the average age was (42.05 ± 6.68) years, and the average length of contact noise was (8.63 ± 5.95) years. There were 491 abnormal physical examinations and 78.81% abnormalities, 129 abnormal blood pressure and 20.71% abnormalities, which were statistically significant with gender and age (χ ~ 2 = 20.22, χ ~ 2 = 17.83, P <0.01) , The rate of abnormal blood pressure in males was higher than that in females. The older the rate of abnormal blood pressure was, the higher the rate of abnormal blood pressure was, which was unrelated to the working length of exposure to noise. There were 67 electrocardiogram abnormalities and 10.75% abnormalities, with statistical significance (χ ~ 2 = 85.614, χ ~ 2 = 36.208, P <0.01), and had no relationship with sex. There were 210 hearing loss patients and 33.71% of them were abnormal hearing loss, with statistical significance (χ ~ 2 = 35.953, χ ~ 2 = 86.474 , P <0.01). The older age, the longer the length of service, the more serious the hearing impairment was and had no relation with sex. Conclusion Long-term operation under noisy environment can cause abnormalities such as blood pressure, electrocardiogram, hearing, blood and urine, blood glucose and blood lipid, liver and kidney function. The impact of noise on human health is multifaceted, and measures should be taken to reduce Noise on the human body hazards.