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感染性腹泻多见于断乳期６～１２个月的婴儿。婴儿出生后随着肠道的发育，对不同细菌诱导的腹泻的易感性是不同的。霍乱弧菌和大肠杆菌是导致婴儿期腹泻的主要致病菌。母乳在保护婴幼儿免遭外源病原菌的侵袭中发挥了重要作用，尤其是母乳中低聚糖在对抗外源病原菌，保护婴儿免遭肠道致病菌的侵袭中的作用长期受到忽视。本文就母乳中低聚糖的结构、含量和作用机制作一综述，为进一步推广母乳喂养建立坚强的理念。
Infectious diarrhea more common in weaning 6 to 12 months of infants. With the development of the baby’s gut after birth, the susceptibility to different bacterial-induced diarrhea is different. Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli are the major pathogens that cause diarrhea in infancy. Breast milk plays an important role in protecting infants and young children from attack by exogenous pathogens. In particular, the role of breast milk oligosaccharides in the fight against foreign pathogens and the protection of infants from intestinal pathogenic bacteria has long been neglected. This article reviews the structure, content and mechanism of the oligosaccharides in breast milk and establishes a strong concept for further promotion of breastfeeding.