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目的探讨糖尿病母亲妊娠期血糖控制情况与新生儿早期并发症的关系。方法分析166例糖尿病母亲新生儿早期并发症的发生情况,比较母亲糖尿病妊娠期血糖控制情况与低血糖、新生儿高胆红素血症、低钙血症、巨大儿、脑发育不成熟、先天性心脏病、心肌肥厚之间的关系。结果 166例糖尿病母亲新生儿中,低血糖发生率最高64例(38.6%),依次为高胆红素血症50例(30.1%);低血钙35例(21.1%);巨大儿26例(15.7%);红细胞增多症25例(15.1%);先天畸形18例(10.8%);脑发育不成熟1 8例(10.8%);低血镁15例(9%);心肌肥厚10例(6%);呼吸窘迫综合征7例(4.2%)。糖尿病母亲妊娠期血糖控制不满意组低血糖、脑发育不成熟、巨大儿、先天性心脏病、心肌肥厚检出率明显高于满意组,有统计学意义(P<0.05);新生儿高胆红素血症、低钙血症发病率与母亲糖尿病血糖控制满意程度无直接关系(P>0.05)。结论糖尿病母亲新生儿可出现多种早期并发症;新生儿低血糖、脑发育不成熟、巨大儿、先天性心脏病、心肌肥厚与母亲妊娠期血糖控制情况有关。
Objective To investigate the relationship between gestational blood glucose control and early neonatal complications in diabetic mothers. Methods The incidence of early complications in 166 mothers of newborns with diabetes was analyzed. The relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus and mothers with hypoglycaemia, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, hypocalcemia, macrosomia, immature brain, congenital Sexual heart disease, myocardial hypertrophy between the relationship. Results The highest incidence of hypoglycemia in 166 newborns with diabetes was found in 64 cases (38.6%), followed by hyperbilirubinemia in 50 cases (30.1%), hypocalcemia in 35 cases (21.1%), macrosomia in 26 cases (15.7%), 25 cases (15.1%) with polycythemia, 18 cases (10.8%) with congenital malformation, 18 cases (10.8%) with immature brain development, 15 cases with hypomagnesemia (9%), 10 cases with cardiac hypertrophy (6%); respiratory distress syndrome in 7 cases (4.2%). The incidence of hypoglycemia, immature brain development, macrosomia, congenital heart disease and cardiac hypertrophy in diabetic mothers with gestational blood glucose control were significantly higher than those in the satisfaction group (P <0.05) There was no direct relationship between the incidence of hyperlipidemia and hypocalcemia and the degree of satisfaction with glycemic control of maternal diabetes (P> 0.05). Conclusion There are many early complications in neonatal mothers with diabetes mellitus. Neonatal hypoglycemia, immature brain, macrosomia, congenital heart disease and cardiac hypertrophy are related to the control of blood glucose during pregnancy.