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蔬菜作物大多需要较强的光照,如黄瓜光合作用的饱和点为4万米烛光,番茄为7万米烛光,西瓜为8万米烛光。而保护地栽培一般是在弱光季节进行。所以,保护地的光照管理是栽培成功与否和产量高低的关键。温室、大棚内的光环境与露地有哪些不同之处呢?①由于有玻璃、薄膜、后墙、后坡等遮盖,室内光照强度一般只有露地的50～80％,尤其在冬季,光照不足就成了作物正常生育的限制因子。②温室的草苫揭的晚,盖得早,光照时间要比露地缩短2～3个小时。③玻璃基本不能透过紫外线,聚氯乙烯薄膜紫外线透过率也较低,因此保护地内的光质(光谱组成)也不同于露地。④由于温室建筑材料和作物本身都会产生遮阴,使温室内不同部位的光照强度不均匀,同一部位在不同季节、不同时刻,光照强度的变化幅度也大于露地。
Most vegetable crops require strong light, such as the saturation point of cucumber photosynthesis of 40,000 meters of candlelight, tomato 70,000 meters of candlelight, watermelon of 80,000 meters of candlelight. Protected cultivation is generally carried out in low light season. Therefore, the illumination of protected areas is the key to the success of cultivation and the level of production. What are the differences between the light environment and the open field in the greenhouse and the greenhouse? ① Because of the cover of glass, film, back wall and back slope, the indoor light intensity is only 50-80% of the open area, especially in winter, when the light is insufficient Has become a limiting factor for normal crop growth. Â ’¡greenhouse hides exposed later, cover early, light time to shorten than open to 2 ~ 3 hours. ③ glass can not penetrate the basic UV, PVC film UV transmittance is lower, so the protection of the light quality (spectral composition) is also different from the open. ④ As the greenhouse building materials and crops will have their own shade, so that different parts of the greenhouse light intensity is not uniform, the same part in different seasons, at different times, the light intensity changes greater than the open area.