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目的观察正常大鼠摘肾后生理变化和代偿侧肾脏的病理变化,为肾移植的进一步推进与发展提供理论依据。方法采用尿肌酐检测试剂盒检测尿肌酐;考马斯亮蓝法检测尿蛋白;自动生化仪检测肾功能;PAS特殊染色方法观察肾脏病理变化。结果 2～3月龄、7～9月龄和10～12月龄的肾切组大鼠的尿蛋白/肌酐比值于术后1个月显著升高(P<0.001),其中2～3月龄和7～9月龄雄性肾切组的术后2个月降至正常,雌性肾切组的术后3个月降至正常,而10～12月龄的均在术后3个月降至正常;4～6月龄肾切组的与正常组的比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论单侧肾切除术后1～2个月为关键期,直接关系到大鼠术后的近期和远期的安全性;年龄幼小或老年者单侧肾切除后肾脏损伤的风险大;雄性大鼠代偿功能较好。
Objective To observe the physiological changes of kidneys after renal extubation and the pathological changes of compensatory kidneys in normal rats so as to provide a theoretical basis for the further advancement and development of renal transplantation. Urinary creatinine was detected by urinary creatinine test kit; urinary protein was detected by Coomassie Brilliant Blue method; renal function was detected by automatic biochemical analyzer; pathological changes of kidney were observed by PAS special staining method. Results The urinary albumin / creatinine ratio in 2 ~ 3 months old, 7 ~ 9 months old and 10 ~ 12 months old nephrectomized rats significantly increased at 1 month after operation (P <0.001), among which 2 ~ March The patients in male nephrectomies at 7-9 months of age were both normal 2 months after operation and those in female patients at nephrectomy returned to normal at 3 months after operation and those at 10-12 months at 3 months after operation To normal; 4 to 6 months of age group of kidney and no significant difference between the normal group (P> 0.05). Conclusions One to two months after unilateral nephrectomy is the key period, which is directly related to the short-term and long-term safety of postoperative rats. The risk of kidney damage after young kid or unilateral nephrectomy is large. Rat compensatory function better.