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膈肌损伤是一种相对少见的损伤并且在所有的胸腹联合伤中只占0.8%~7%[1]。在欧洲和加拿大绝大部分的膈肌损伤都是因为钝性创伤,在需要住院治疗的创伤患者中,钝性膈肌创伤占5%左右,钝性损伤大部分是由于车祸造成的;相反在美国由于枪伤的频繁发生,穿透性膈肌损伤反而相对较多[2]。穿透性膈肌损伤在膈肌损伤中大约占13%[3]。膈肌损伤左侧多于右侧,一项研究表明左侧膈疝占90%左右[3-4]。
Diaphragmatic injury is a relatively infrequent injury and accounts for only 0.8% to 7% of all thoracoabdominal injuries [1]. The vast majority of diaphragmatic injuries in Europe and Canada are due to blunt trauma. Traumatic diaphragmatic trauma accounts for about 5% of traumatic patients in need of hospitalization. Most of the blunt trauma is caused by a car accident; on the contrary, in the United States, Frequent gunshot wounds, penetrating diaphragmatic injury but relatively more [2]. Penetrating diaphragmatic injury accounts for about 13% of diaphragmatic injuries [3]. Diaphragm injury left more than the right, a study shows that the left diaphragmatic hernia about 90% [3-4].