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目的了解上海市中学生被动吸烟现状,分析环境因素与被动吸烟的关系。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取上海市29所高中、初中和职业学校(职校),使用自制问卷对13 723名学生进行现场问卷调查,调查内容包括吸烟和戒烟情况、知识和态度、二手烟暴露情况、媒体烟草暴露信息及学校控烟教育情况等,对调查结果进行统计学分析。结果共回收有效问卷13 208份。受调查学生的尝试吸烟率和现在吸烟率分别为11.1%和2.5%,男生均显著高于女生(14.7%和7.4%,P<0.001;3.7%和1.3%,P<0.001);被动吸烟率为67.0%,女生显著高于男生(68.6%和65.4%,P<0.001),职校生和初中生显著高于高中生(75.6%和63.2%,P<0.001;67.0%和63.2%,P<0.001);34.5%的被动吸烟者每天都受到被动吸烟的危害。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:女性、初中或职校学生、父母和同伴吸烟、学校缺少控烟教育课程、反吸烟信息接触少及经常看到媒体上演员吸烟的学生更倾向于遭受被动吸烟的危害。结论上海市中学生被动吸烟现状严峻,社会、学校、家庭需共同努力,采取有效措施减少被动吸烟对中学生的危害。
Objective To understand the status quo of passive smoking among middle school students in Shanghai and analyze the relationship between environmental factors and passive smoking. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 29 high schools, junior middle schools and vocational schools (vocational schools) in Shanghai. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 13 723 students by using self-made questionnaires. The survey included smoking and smoking cessation, knowledge and attitude, Second-hand smoke exposure, tobacco exposure in the media and school tobacco control education, the results of the statistical analysis. Results A total of 13 208 valid questionnaires were collected. The attempted smoking prevalence and current smoking prevalence of the surveyed students were 11.1% and 2.5% respectively, significantly higher for boys than for girls (14.7% and 7.4%, P <0.001; 3.7% and 1.3%, respectively; P <0.001) (67.0% vs 63.2%, P <0.001; P <0.001), and the prevalence was significantly higher in girls than in girls (68.6% vs 65.4%, P <0.001) 0.001). 34.5% of passive smokers were harmed daily by passive smoking. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking in female, middle school or vocational school students, parents and peers, lack of tobacco control education programs in schools, low exposure to anti-smoking information, and frequent exposure of performers in the media to smoking were more likely to be endangered by passive smoking . Conclusion The prevalence of passive smoking among middle school students in Shanghai is severe. Social, school and family need to work together to take effective measures to reduce the harm of passive smoking to middle school students.