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为了研究露天煤矿粉尘沉降对于草地植物的影响,试验采用人工喷撒煤粉的方法,模拟研究了煤粉尘沉降对草地植物冰草的影响,对其根系生长和叶片光合作用指标进行了分析。结果表明:以1.18 g/(m~2·d)的沉降速率喷撒煤粉后,在喷撒到第5周时降低了冰草根系的生长速率,也降低了叶片的净光合效率、气孔导度与蒸腾速率,并最终导致生物量减小。说明露天煤矿的粉尘排放会阻碍矿区周边草地上的冰草生长,长期排放可能会导致矿区周边冰草消失,进而改变局部草地物种多样性和生态服务功能。
In order to study the influence of dust deposit on grassland plants in opencast coal mine, artificial pulverized coal was used to simulate and study the influence of coal dust deposition on the grass and plant grass, and its root growth and photosynthesis indexes were analyzed. The results showed that when the pulverized coal was sprayed at the sedimentation rate of 1.18 g / (m ~ 2 · d), the root growth rate was decreased and the net photosynthetic efficiency Conductivity and transpiration rate, and eventually lead to biomass reduction. It shows that dust emission in surface coal mines will impede the growth of the grass on the grassland around the mining area. Long-term emission may lead to the disappearance of the grass around the mining area, thus changing the species diversity and ecological service function of the local grassland.