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本文从一个简单的结构入手,来探讨现代汉语句法、语义和语用功能的复杂关系。首先将“数词+大+名词”和“大+NP”作了比较,指出“数词+大+名词”中“大”的意思更加虚化,接着结合这种结构的评价功能、列举功能,将“数词+单音节形容词+名词”中的形容词分为三类,并将这种结构也相应分为三类,指出由于形容词和数量的不同,三类结构的语用功能基本上呈互补分布。最后进一步对“数词+大+名词”结构相关的语义、句法和语用问题作了探讨。文章的分析思路和步骤基本上可以看作一种消解“数词+单音节形容词+名词”结构所引起的语用歧义的伪算法。
This article starts with a simple structure to explore the complex relationship between syntax, semantics and pragmatics in modern Chinese. First of all, we compare the “nouns + big + nouns” with “big + NP” and point out that the meaning of “big” in “nouns + big + nouns” The structure of the evaluation function, enumerate the function, the “nouns + monosyllable adjectives nouns” in the adjectives are divided into three categories, and this structure is also divided into three categories, pointing out that due to the different number of adjectives, The pragmatic functions of the three types of structures are basically complementary to each other. At last, the semantic, syntactic and pragmatic issues related to the structure of “Numeral + Large + noun” are further discussed. The article's analysis ideas and steps can basically be regarded as a kind of pseudo-algorithm that eliminates the pragmatic ambiguity caused by the structure of “nouns + monosyllable adjective + noun”.