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目的:探讨活血胶囊对兔动脉粥样硬化斑块的作用及其稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块的机制。方法:53只健康雄性日本大耳白兔随机分为空白组及实验组。空白组喂普通饲料,实验组喂高脂饲料,10周末,检测血清总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C);随后将实验组兔分为4组:模型组,辛伐他汀(2.2 mg·kg-1·d-1),活血胶囊高(1.5 g·kg-1·d-1)、低剂量组(0.5 g·kg-1·d-1),同时继续喂高脂饲料。20周末,检测血清TC,TG,LDL-C,处死动物,取主动脉标本,测定内膜/中膜厚度比,用免疫组化法检测血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF),血管内皮细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)在动脉斑块中的表达。结果:与正常组比较,模型组血清TC,TG,LDL-C,内膜/中膜厚度比,VEGF,VCAM-1在动脉斑块中的表达显著升高,差异具有显著性(P<0.01);与模型组比较,活血胶囊组TC,TG,LDL-C,主动脉内膜/中膜厚度比均明显低于模型组(P<0.05);高剂量组与低剂量组比较,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);免疫组化染色发现模型组、活血胶囊高、低剂量组、辛伐他汀组均可见染成黄褐色的VEGF,VCAM-1阳性表达信号,主要存在于粥样斑块区,空白组家兔主动脉VEGF及VCAM-1阳性表达几乎为零,积分吸光度结果提示3个药物干预组表达均比模型组减少(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:活血胶囊可抑制VEGF,VCAM-1在兔胸主动脉的表达,抑制血管新生和炎症反应,这可能是该药延缓AS进程,稳定斑块的作用机制之一。
Objective: To investigate the effect of Huoxue Capsule on atherosclerotic plaque in rabbits and its mechanism of stabilizing atherosclerotic plaque. Methods: 53 healthy male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into blank group and experimental group. The rats in the blank group were fed with normal diet. The experimental group was fed with high-fat diet. At the end of 10 weeks, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL- The rats in model group, simvastatin group (2.2 mg · kg-1 · d-1), Huoxue capsule group (1.5 g · kg-1 · d-1) 1), while continuing to feed high-fat feed. At the end of the 20th week, serum TC, TG and LDL-C levels were measured and animals were sacrificed. Aortic specimens were obtained and intima / media thickness ratios were determined. The expressions of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecule -1 (VCAM-1) in arterial plaque. Results: Compared with the normal group, the expression of TC, TG, LDL-C, intima / media thickness ratio, VEGF and VCAM-1 in arterial plaque of model group were significantly increased (P <0.01 ); Compared with the model group, the TC, TG, LDL-C and aortic intima / media thickness ratio in Huoxue Capsule group were significantly lower than those in model group (P <0.05); the difference between high dose group and low dose group was (P <0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expressions of VEGF and VCAM-1 in the model group, high and low dose Huoxue capsule group and simvastatin group were all positive, mainly in atheroma The positive expression of VEGF and VCAM-1 in rabbit aorta in block and blank group was almost zero, and the result of integral absorbance showed that the expressions of VEGF and VCAM-1 in three groups were decreased compared with model group (P <0.01, P <0.05). Conclusion: Huoxue Capsule can inhibit the expression of VEGF and VCAM-1 in rabbit thoracic aorta and inhibit angiogenesis and inflammatory reaction, which may be one of the mechanisms of action of Huoxue capsule in retarding AS process and stabilizing plaque.