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目的降低成都市中小学生肥胖和近视的发病率,探讨可持续性控制中小学生肥胖和近视的有效策略及方法。方法 2006-2010年连续5年在全市中小学实施以政策促进、网络建设、项目推动、健康教育、日常督导等为主要框架的综合干预,并于干预前后采用分层随机抽样的方法,选取城乡中小学生对其肥胖和近视的发病率进行比较以评估干预效果。结果干预后学生总体超重肥胖率为16.9%,较干预前有显著降低(P=0.0000),尤其是城市学生的超重肥胖率降低最为明显。干预后学生总体近视率为56.7%,较干预前略有降低,其中农村男、女的初中组和城市女生的初、高中组均有显著降低(P<0.05)。结论本研究的综合干预措施对肥胖和近视的防治是积极有效的。
Objective To reduce the prevalence of obesity and myopia in primary and secondary school students in Chengdu and to explore the effective strategies and methods for the sustainable control of obesity and myopia in primary and secondary school students. Methods The comprehensive intervention with the main framework of policy promotion, network construction, project promotion, health education and daily supervision was implemented in primary and middle schools in the city for five consecutive years from 2006 to 2010. The stratified random sampling method was adopted before and after the intervention to select the urban and rural areas Primary and secondary students compare the incidence of obesity and myopia to assess the effect of intervention. Results After the intervention, the overall overweight and obesity rate of students was 16.9%, which was significantly lower than that before intervention (P = 0.0000). Especially, the overweight and obesity rate of urban students was the most obvious. After the intervention, the overall myopia rate of students was 56.7%, slightly lower than that before the intervention, in which the junior and senior middle school students in rural men and women and the junior high school students in urban girls were significantly lower (P <0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive interventions in this study are positive and effective for the prevention and treatment of obesity and myopia.