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目的研究慢性多重应激大鼠脱离应激源后心电图(Electrocardiogram,ECG)变化和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical,HPA)轴应激反应。方法健康雄性SD大鼠20只随机分为应激组和对照组。选用刺激脉冲随机变动的噪声、足底电击、强迫游泳、束缚和夜间光照的复合刺激为应激组大鼠应激源,应激刺激持续30d,建立大鼠慢性多重应激模型。于应激刺激前和完全脱离应激源后3d记录心电图,分析血清促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)和皮质酮(corticosterone,Cor)的变化。结果刺激4周后,脱离应激源3d,在1h心电图记录期中,大鼠心律失常类型和次数明显多于应激前和对照组:持续窦性心动过速或窦性不齐、房性期前收缩(应激前1.4±0.7vs应激后40.2±5,P<0.01)、室性期前收缩(应激前3.1±0.6vs应激后55.7±4,P<0.01)、阵发性室速(应激前0vs应激后23.8±6,P<0.01)。心率明显增快[(371.3±12)次/min→(508.7±10)次/min,P<0.01]、RR间期明显缩短[(171.6±5)ms→(111.5±0.5)ms,P<0.01]、ST段抬高或下移、T波高耸直立或低平,血清ACTH[(53.1±4)ng/L→(234.7±16)ng/L,P<0.01]和Cor[(16±4)μg/L→(279±50)μg/L,P<0.01]水平明显增高。结论慢性多重应激大鼠在脱离应激源后仍存在心律失常,并且HPA轴应激反应增高。
Objective To investigate the change of ECG and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis stress in chronic multiple stress rats. Methods Twenty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into stress group and control group. Random noise, foot shock, forced swimming, restraint and night light were used as the stress source of stress rats. The rats were stressed for 30 days, and the chronic multiple stress model was established. The electrocardiogram was recorded 3 days before stress stimulus and completely after leaving the stress source, and the changes of serum adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (Cor) were analyzed. Results 4 weeks after stimulation, from the stress source 3d, 1h electrocardiogram recording period, the type and number of arrhythmia was significantly more than before stress and control group: continuous sinus tachycardia or sinus, atrial Pre-contraction (pre-stress 1.4 ± 0.7 vs post-stress 40.2 ± 5, P <0.01), premature ventricular contraction (pre-stress 3.1 ± 0.6 vs pre-stress 55.7 ± 4, P <0.01) VT (23.8 ± 6, P <0.01) before stress 0 vs stress. Heart rate significantly increased [(371.3 ± 12) times /min→(508.7 ± 10) times / min, P<0.01〕, RR interval was significantly shorter [(171.6 ± 5) ms → (111.5 ± 0.5) ms, P < (P <0.01) and Cor [(16 ± 2) ng / L, P <0.01]. ST-segment elevation or down- 4) μg / L → (279 ± 50) μg / L, P <0.01]. Conclusion Chronic multiple stress rats still have arrhythmia after stressors escape, and HPA axis stress response is increased.