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目的调查库区自然地理景观、啮齿动物和蚤类、以及鼠疫感染指标,为制定鼠疫预防控制措施提供依据。方法运用现场调查方法,抽样调查库区6县18个涉淹乡(镇)的19个村。采集啮齿动物和蚤类标本、指示动物和正常人血液,检测鼠疫菌和鼠疫FI抗体。结果共发现啮齿动物3目6科13属25种,褐家鼠和黑线姬鼠分别为居民住宅和农田优势鼠种,住宅室内平均鼠密度为2.17%,农耕区平均鼠密度为1.14%。发现蚤类3种,印鼠客蚤为优势种。检测各类标本517份,未检出鼠疫菌和鼠疫FI抗体。流行病学调查未发现动物间或人间鼠疫疫情。结论库区尚未发现鼠疫,但广泛存在家鼠型鼠疫的自然地理景观、主要储存宿主黄胸鼠和传播媒体介印鼠客蚤,一旦有传染源进入,有可能引起鼠疫流行。
Objective To investigate the natural geographical landscapes, rodents and fleas in the reservoir area and the indicators of plague infection in order to provide basis for the development of plague prevention and control measures. Methods By means of on-the-spot investigation, 19 villages in 18 flood-affected towns (towns) in 6 counties in the reservoir area were sampled. Rodents and flea specimens were collected to instruct animals and normal human blood to detect Yersinia pestis and plague FI antibodies. Results 25 rodents were found in 3 orders, 6 families, 13 genera and 13 rodents in Rodents. Rattus norvegicus and Apodemus agrarius were dominant dwellings and farm animals, respectively. The mean indoor rat density in residential buildings was 2.17% and that in agricultural areas was 1.14%. Three species of fleas were found, and the dominant species was Indian fleas. Detection of various types of specimens 517, not detected Yersinia pestis and FI antibodies. Epidemiological survey found no animal or human plague outbreaks. Conclusions Plague has not yet been found in the reservoir area. However, the natural geographical landscape of the house mouse type plague is widespread. The main storage host, Rattus flavipectus, and the transmission media, are susceptible to the outbreak of plague.