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该文基于城乡间生产要素交换的视角,通过构造城乡两部门生产函数,建立了城乡两部门要素交换模型,以分析土地出让、金融发展、劳动力转移和工农产品相对价格对城乡居民收入差距的影响。并且用1998—2012年我国31个省份的面板数据,对城乡居民收入差距的影响因素进行了实证分析。结果表明,土地出让、工农业产品相对价格是城乡居民收入差距扩大的重要因素,农村劳动力转移、城镇化和产业结构升级能显著缩小城乡居民收入差距。在剔除了直辖市样本后,金融发展对城乡居民收入差距的影响显著为正。
Based on the exchange of production factors between urban and rural areas, this paper establishes a model of factor exchange between urban and rural sectors through the construction of production functions in both urban and rural areas to analyze the impact of land transfer, financial development, labor force transfer and relative prices of industrial and agricultural products on the income gap between urban and rural residents . And by using the panel data of 31 provinces in our country from 1998 to 2012, this paper empirically analyzes the influencing factors of the income gap between urban and rural residents. The results show that the land transfer and the relative price of industrial and agricultural products are the important factors to widen the income gap between urban and rural residents. The rural labor force transfer, urbanization and upgrading of industrial structure can significantly reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents. After excluding municipalities, the impact of financial development on the income gap between urban and rural residents was significantly positive.