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天然竹子纤维增强树脂复合材料是利用自然资源,采用先进复合材料的层压工艺制成,是一种性能良好的,可应用的结构材料,已发表的研究竹/树脂的工作很少。本工作从宏观和微观实验两方面研究竹/环氧单向不同层数复合材料层板的拉伸、压缩、弯曲,层间剪切等力学性能,确定了各项力学参数,并对竹纤维与囊素以及树脂基体在不同载荷条件下的微观结构进行了观察与分析。结果表明竹/环氧复合材料的比强度、比刚度很好。比强度为低碳钢的3—4倍,力学性能与普通玻璃纤维增强复合材料相当。采用声发射技术和扫描电镜动态加载试验,监测竹子/环氧复合材料的损伤破坏。破坏型式随加载条件而不同,竹纤维增强复合材料的力学行为破坏机理与玻璃纤维,碳纤维增强复合材料相近。从竹子的微观结构看到它是有规则的很合理的一种天然复合材料,加上树脂基体提高了力学性能并能解决了纯竹的干裂,虫蛀等问题,而且竹/树脂可压制加工成不同厚度和形状的层合板,适应不同的结构使用,因而具有广阔的应用前景。
Natural bamboo fiber reinforced resin composite material is a kind of good performance, applicable structural material made of laminated materials using natural resources and using advanced composite materials. There have been few published studies on bamboo / resin. In this paper, the tensile, compressive, flexural and interlaminar shear properties of bamboo / epoxy unidirectional composite laminates were studied from two aspects of macroscopical and microscopic experiments. The mechanical parameters were determined, The microstructures of vesicles and resin matrix under different loading conditions were observed and analyzed. The results show that bamboo / epoxy composites have better specific stiffness and stiffness. Specific strength of 3-4 times the low-carbon steel, mechanical properties and ordinary glass fiber reinforced composites. Acoustic emission techniques and scanning electron microscopy dynamic loading tests were performed to monitor the damage of bamboo / epoxy composites. The failure mode varies with loading conditions. The failure mechanism of mechanical behavior of bamboo fiber reinforced composites is similar to that of glass fiber and carbon fiber reinforced composites. The microstructure of bamboo shows that it is a kind of natural and reasonable composite material with reasonable rules. The resin matrix improves the mechanical properties and solves the problems of dry bamboo, moth-eaten, etc., and the bamboo / resin can be pressed and processed Into different thickness and shape of the laminate, to adapt to the use of different structures, which has broad application prospects.