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目的分析婴幼儿与较年长儿童患黑热病时临床表现的异同点。方法收集2008年11月至2010年11月,新疆喀什地区第一人民医院住院的维吾尔族儿童患者228例,对这228例患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 228例黑热病中,婴幼儿174例,>3～14岁儿童54例。其中婴幼儿起病急,病史短,感染中毒症状重,早期表现不典型,并发症多。尽早给予葡萄糖酸锑钠(斯锑黑克)抗病原治疗可减少并发症,治疗有效率93.7%。>3～14岁儿童起病较缓慢,病程长,血象有三系改变、脾肿大明显,病程长者,锑剂治疗疗效差。结论黑热病在>3～14岁儿童较婴幼儿临床表现典型,但婴幼儿比年长儿病情重,并发症多。
Objective To analyze the similarities and differences in the clinical manifestations of infants with older children suffering from kala-azar. Methods A total of 228 Uygur children admitted to the First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture in Xinjiang from November 2008 to November 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Results 228 cases of kala-azar, 174 cases of infants and young children, 54 children aged> 3 to 14 years. Including infants and young children onset acute, short history, symptoms of severe infection, atypical early manifestations, complications and more. Early antimony gluconate (antimony black grams) anti-pathogen treatment can reduce the complications, the effective rate of 93.7%. > 3 to 14-year-old children onset is more slow, longer duration, changes in the blood line has three lines, splenomegaly significantly longer course of treatment, antimony agent treatment is poor. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of kala-azar in infants and young children aged> 3-14 years old are more typical than those in infants, but infants and young children are heavier than normal children and have more complications.