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目的分析汕头市病毒性腹泻中轮状病毒和诺如病毒的感染情况,为病毒性腹泻防治工作提供参考依据。方法收集2012年1月-2013年12月汕头市第二人民医院和澄海人民医院的腹泻病人粪便标本,采用ELISA法检测轮状病毒,采用双色实时荧光PCR方法检测诺如病毒。结果检测粪便样品共825份,总检测阳性率为24.97%,其中轮状病毒和诺如病毒的阳性率分别为16.48%和8.48%。0~1岁年龄组患者阳性率显著高于其它年龄组患者。病毒性腹泻全年均有发生,冬季阳性率(48.84%)最高,夏季阳性率(8.70%)最低。轮状病毒阳性率最高的季节是冬季(38.60%),明显高于其它三个季节。诺如病毒呈常年散发。结论 2012-2013年汕头市腹泻患者粪便标本中轮状病毒和诺如病毒检出率较高。病毒性腹泻全年均可发生,冬季阳性率较高。各年龄组人群都可感染,1岁及以下婴幼儿是病毒性腹泻的防控工作重点人群,应加强其监测。
Objective To analyze the infection status of rotavirus and norovirus in viral diarrhea in Shantou City and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of viral diarrhea. Methods Stool samples of diarrhea patients in Shantou Second People’s Hospital and Chenghai People’s Hospital from January 2012 to December 2013 were collected. Rotavirus was detected by ELISA and norovirus by real-time fluorescence PCR. Results A total of 825 stool samples were detected. The positive rate of total stool samples was 24.97%. The positive rates of rotavirus and Norovirus were 16.48% and 8.48% respectively. The positive rate of patients in 0 ~ 1 age group was significantly higher than those in other age groups. Viral diarrhea occurred all year round, with the highest positive rate in winter (48.84%) and lowest in summer (8.70%). The highest positive rotavirus season was winter (38.60%), significantly higher than the other three seasons. Norovirus is perennial. Conclusions The detection rates of rotavirus and norovirus in stool specimens of patients with diarrhea in Shantou from 2012 to 2013 were higher. Viral diarrhea can occur throughout the year, a higher positive rate in winter. All age groups are infected, infants 1 year old and below are the focus of prevention and control of viral diarrhea crowd should strengthen its monitoring.