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如何选配好亲本,以筛选出强优势组合,这是棉花杂种优势利用的关键。现结合我们的工作情况,简略谈谈亲本选配的原则和组合配制的方法。一、亲本选配的原则杂种优势,实质上是双亲遗传性的差异在杂交后得到良好的遗传平衡。陆地棉品种间杂交,由于品种的遗传分化还未达到和超过种的范围,一般不会出现遗传平衡失调的现象,即不会产生负于双亲的负优势。但也不是随意配成的组合都能比最优亲本(或当地推广品种的原种)显著增产。因此,选配好亲本十分重要,须符合下列两个原则:
How to choose a good parent to filter out the strong combination of advantages, which is the key to the utilization of cotton heterosis. Now with our work, briefly talk about the principles of parental matching and the method of compounding. First, the principle of parent matching Heterosis, in essence, genetic differences in parents get a good genetic balance after hybridization. Because of the genetic differentiation of cultivars, the genetic differentiation of upland cotton has not yet reached and exceeded the range of the species, so that there is generally no phenomenon of imbalance of the genetic balance, ie no negative advantage negative to the parents. However, neither of the randomly-selected combinations could significantly increase yields compared to the optimal parent (or the original species of locally-derived breeds). Therefore, matching a good parent is very important and must comply with the following two principles: