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本文利用扫描电子显微镜及光学金相显微镜阐述了蠕虫状石墨,片状石墨及球状石墨三者的空间形态及结构。根据目前生产单位的检测手段,以光学金相显微镜为主,对蠕墨铸铁的常见石墨形状及基本组织进行了分析。由此得出蠕虫状石墨的判定和评级分法,其石墨形态主要从蠕化率进行评定分级,必要时还应考虑石墨的形状和致密度;基体组织可以分为纯铁素体、以铁素体为主、以珠光体为主、纯珠光体等四类,并按铁素体含量的多少进行分级。
In this paper, the morphology and structure of wormlike graphite, flake graphite and spherical graphite were described by means of scanning electron microscope and optical microscope. According to the current testing methods of production units, optical metallographic microscope mainly analyzes the common graphite shape and basic structure of vermicular graphite iron. From this we can get the judgment and grading method of vermicular graphite. The graphite morphology is mainly graded from the creep rate, and the shape and density of graphite should be considered when necessary. The matrix can be divided into pure ferrite, Mainly based on the body, pearlite-based, pure pearlite and other four categories, according to the amount of ferrite content classification.