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目的了解福建省学生肺结核疫情特征,为提高学校结核病防治工作质量提供参考。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中报告发病时间为2009~2013年的全人群肺结核报告发病病例数据,对疫情报告卡进行分析,计算学生(含幼托儿童)报告发病率,描述该人群肺结核疫情的时间、人群和地区分布特征,并与全人群进行对比。结果 2009~2013年,全省累计报告学生活动性肺结核3 975例,其中涂阳1 384例,2009年学生活动性肺结核发病率为16.44/10万,涂阳肺结核发病率为6.35/10万,2013年分别为8.13/10万和2.46/10万,5年间二者均呈下降趋势(P<0.01),年递减率分别为16.15%和21.13%,高于全人群的11.03%和10.96%。每年3月份均出现一个学生发病高峰;学生肺结核发病数在全人群中居第4位,但所占构成呈下降趋势。学生肺结核患者男女比例为1.42∶1;大学组学生肺结核患者所占比例最高(69.01%)。2013年福建省学生肺结核患者报告发病率最高的为宁德市(16.78/10万)。结论福建省学校结核病疫情呈下降趋势。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Fujian Province and provide references for improving the quality of tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods The data of incidence of tuberculosis in the entire population from 2009 to 2013, which were reported in China’s disease prevention and control information system, were collected. The report card of epidemic situation was analyzed and the incidence of reported cases of students (including children under child care) was calculated. The outbreak of tuberculosis Time, population and regional distribution characteristics, and compared with the whole population. Results From 2009 to 2013, a total of 3 975 active pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in the province, including 1 384 smear positive cases. In 2009, the incidence of active tuberculosis was 16.44 / 100 000, and the incidence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 6.35 / 100 000. 2013 and 8.146 million respectively. Both of them showed a decreasing trend (P <0.01) in 5 years and 16.15% and 21.13% respectively, higher than 11.03% and 10.96% of the total population. Each year in March there was a peak incidence of students; the incidence of tuberculosis students in the whole population ranked No. 4, but the share of the composition of a downward trend. The male to female ratio of students with tuberculosis was 1.42:1; the highest percentage of university students with pulmonary tuberculosis (69.01%). In 2013, the highest incidence of TB cases among Fujian students was Ningde City (16.78 / 100,000). Conclusion The prevalence of tuberculosis in schools in Fujian Province has been declining.