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为了解铅、镉、砷、汞4种重金属元素在香菇栽培基质和子实体中的迁移特性,从而为香菇生产实践中有效控制重金属的含量提供技术依据。结果表明,香菇培养料和产地环境中的土壤、水均含有一定浓度的重金属元素。在香菇各个栽培阶段,栽培基质中4种重金属的迁移率,尤其从菌棒迁移到子实体中的迁移率存在较大差异,镉和汞更多地迁移到了香菇子实体中,铅和砷则更多地残留在栽培基质中。此外,随着基质中重金属添加量的提高,香菇子实体和废菌棒中的重金属含量均呈不断升高趋势,相关性分析显示,重金属添加量与废菌棒中重金属含量存在显著相关。本研究表明香菇栽培基质中的重金属含量可以通过菌丝体的吸收、富集并进一步迁移到香菇子实体中,栽培者可以从源头上通过控制培养料中的重金属限量或阻断迁移途径来控制香菇子实体中重金属含量。
In order to understand the migration characteristics of four heavy metal elements of lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury in mushroom substrate and fruiting body, the technical basis for effective control of heavy metal content in mushroom production was provided. The results showed that the mushroom material and the origin of the soil environment, water contain a certain concentration of heavy metal elements. In each stage of mushroom cultivation, the mobility of four kinds of heavy metals in the culture medium, especially the migration from the fungus stick to the fruiting bodies, is quite different. Cadmium and mercury are more migrated into the fruiting bodies of mushrooms. The lead and arsenic More residue in the cultivation medium. In addition, with the increase of the amount of heavy metals in the substrate, the contents of heavy metals in fruiting bodies and waste rods showed an increasing trend. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the amount of heavy metals and heavy metals in the waste rods. This study shows that the content of heavy metals in mushroom cultivation matrix can be enriched and further transferred to fruiting bodies of fruiting bodies through the mycelium, and the cultivators can control from the source by controlling the limit of heavy metals in the culture materials or blocking the migration pathway Mushroom fruiting body heavy metal content.