论文部分内容阅读
目的分析学生肺结核疫情特征,为进一步做好学校肺结核防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性分析方法,分析2006-2014年学生肺结核发病情况、分型特征、性别特征、年龄特征、发现方式与就诊延误情况。结果2006-2014年锦屏县共报告肺结核病例3 949例,其中学生肺结核161(4.08%),学生肺结核年报告发病率为52.30/10万,9年间变化趋势差异无统计学意义(χ2=6.56,P>0.05);学生涂阳肺结核26例(16.15%),涂阳率为19.85%(26/131),涂阴肺结核105例(65.22%),未查痰30例(18.63%);病例来源于医院转诊68例(42.24%),因症到结防机构56例(34.78%),县乡级追踪37例(22.98%);小学生21例(13.04%)、初中学生53例(32.92%)、高中及以上87例(54.04%);就诊延误92例(57.14%),各年度就诊延误率差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.88,P<0.05)。结论应进一步加强学校疫情监测,提高及时就诊率,防止学校肺结核疫情暴发流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of students with pulmonary tuberculosis and provide a scientific basis for further prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools. Methods Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the incidence of tuberculosis, type classification, gender, age, the way of finding and the delay of the visit during 2006-2014. Results A total of 3 949 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in Jinping County from 2006 to 2014, of which 161 (4.08%) were students and 52.30 / 100 000 were reported annually. There was no significant difference in the trend between the years (χ2 = 6.56 (P <0.05). Students smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in 26 cases (16.15%), smear positive rate was 19.85% (26/131), smear negative tuberculosis in 105 cases (65.22% 68 cases (42.24%) were referred from hospitals, 56 cases (34.78%) were due to disease prevention and treatment, 37 cases (22.98%) were followed up at county and township level, 21 cases were primary school students (13.04%), 53 cases were middle school students %), 87 (54.04%) were high school and above; 92 cases (57.14%) were delayed in treatment, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 23.88, P <0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to further strengthen the monitoring of epidemic situation in schools, improve the timely visiting rate and prevent the epidemic of tuberculosis in schools.