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建立了三维耦合模型用于预报海上溢油的轨迹和最终归宿.模型包括水流与输移–归宿两个模块.水流模块采用非结构有限体积、波流耦合数值模型.采用非结构网格,模型可以灵活地模拟包含众多岛屿、曲折岸线等复杂地形区域发生的溢油事故.在输移–归宿模块中采用粒子追踪法模拟油膜的输运.水平扩散采用随机走动方法模拟,而垂向扩散过程则通过Langeven方程进行求解.油的迁移过程包括对流、扩展、紊动扩散、附着在岸边、沉降到海底等;转化过程包括挥发、溶解、乳化等.此外,光化学反应、水解、生物降解能够改变油的特征,减轻油的污染,模型中亦作了考虑.该模型可以用于瞬时和连续溢油的情况,不仅可以用于模拟油,也可以模拟其它与油的密度相近的有害物质的泄漏.应用建立的溢油模拟系统对渤海海峡发生的突发性溢油事故进行了模拟.
A three-dimensional coupling model was established to predict the trajectory and final fate of the oil spill at sea.The model includes two modules of water flow and migration-arrival.The water flow module uses the unstructured finite volume, wave-flow coupled numerical model.Using unstructured grid, model Which can flexibly simulate the oil spill incident in complex terrain areas including many islands, tortuous shoreline, etc. Particle tracing method is used to simulate the transport of oil film in the transport-arrival module.The horizontal diffusion is simulated by random walking method, while the vertical diffusion The process is solved by the Langeven equation.The migration process of oil includes convection, expansion, turbulent diffusion, attached to the shore, settling to the sea floor, etc. The conversion process includes volatilization, dissolution, emulsification, etc. In addition, photochemical reactions, hydrolysis, biodegradation Can change the characteristics of oil, reduce oil pollution, the model has also been considered.This model can be used for instantaneous and continuous oil spills, not only can be used to simulate oil, you can also simulate other and oil densities close to the density Of the spill.The oil spill simulation system was established to simulate the sudden spill accident in the Bohai Strait.