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采用透射电镜和Ｘ射线衍射技术研究了奥氏体不锈钢碳铬共渗层的组织结构。结果表明：在碳铬共渗过程中，先在渗层中形成Ｃｒ＿（２３）Ｃ＿６型碳化物，它与母相奥氏体（Ａ）之间具有的取向关系。进一步提高表面碳含量可生成Ｃｒ＿７Ｃ＿３型碳化物。表面碳含量越高，所生成的Ｃｒ＿７Ｃ＿３碳化物越多，而Ｃｒ＿（２３）Ｃ＿６型碳化物则减少。碳铬共渗层由表及里的最终组织为：Ａ＋Ｃｒ＿７Ｃ＿３→Ａ＋Ｃｒ＿７Ｃ＿３＋Ｃｒ＿（２３）Ｃ＿６→Ａ＋Ｃｒ＿（２３）Ｃ＿６
The microstructure of austenitic stainless steel was studied by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results show that Cr_ (23) C_6 carbides are first formed in the carburizing layer during the carburizing process, and have the orientation relationship with the parent austenite (A). Further increase the surface carbon content can generate Cr_7C_3 type carbide. The higher the surface carbon content, the more Cr_7C_3 carbides generated and the less Cr_ (23) C_6 carbides. The final structure of the Cr-C layer is: A + Cr_7C_3 → A + Cr_7C_3 + Cr_ (23) C_6 → A + Cr_ (23) C_6