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该文旨在探讨干旱缺水地区长期灌溉条件下 ,合理解决节水灌溉与冲洗灌溉间矛盾的途径 ,为在该地区实施节水灌溉战略提供理论依据。采用修正的对流扩散模型 (SOTR)及特征有限元方法对中国内蒙古河套灌区冲洗—蒸发条件下的冲洗定额进行数值模拟研究。并用γ射线测定土柱土壤水盐运移结果标定了数值模拟结果。重点分析了基于土壤水动力学与溶质动力学原理 ,再灌溉冲洗与再分配条件下 ,均质垂直剖面上溶质运移过程 ;长期灌溉条件下 ,干旱地区土壤盐分布与冲洗定额、初始土壤盐分含量、地下水位埋深及地下水矿化度间的内在联系 ;在此基础上 ,确定节水灌溉条件下河套灌区最优的冲洗定额。该成果对于促进该地区农业可持续发展具有一定的指导意义
The purpose of this paper is to explore ways to solve the contradiction between water-saving irrigation and irrigation under long-term irrigation in arid and dry areas, and to provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of water-saving irrigation strategy in this area. A numerical simulation study was conducted on the flushing rinse under the conditions of flushing-evaporation in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia, China, using the modified Convection-Diffusion Model (SOTR) and the characteristic finite element method. The result of numerical simulation was calibrated by γ-ray determination of soil water and salt transport in soil column. The process of solute transport on the homogeneous vertical profile under the conditions of irrigation and redistribution under the condition of irrigation and re-distribution was analyzed emphatically. Under the long-term irrigation condition, the distribution of soil salt and irrigation quota, the initial soil salinity Content, the depth of groundwater table and the degree of groundwater salinity; on this basis, determine the optimal irrigation quota of Hetao Irrigation District under water-saving irrigation conditions. The results have some guiding significance for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture in this area