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大陆法系和英美法系均认为举证责任具有多层含义,其实质是败诉风险负担。当事实真伪处于不明的状况时负有举证责任一方承担败诉的后果。刑事诉讼中,在无罪推定原则的指导下,公诉方承担举证责任,被告人不承担举证责任,但在举证责任倒置的情况下例外。在我国的刑事诉讼模式下,应该加强对证明标准的立法,建立多元的举证责任分配标准。
Civil law and Anglo-American law think that the burden of proof has multiple meanings, and its essence is the risk burden of losing the lawsuit. When the authenticity of the truth is unknown, the party bearing the burden of proof has the consequence of losing the case. In criminal proceedings, under the principle of the presumption of innocence, the prosecutor assumes the burden of proof, and the defendant does not assume the burden of proof, except in cases where the burden of proof is reversed. Under the criminal litigation mode of our country, we should strengthen the legislation on the standard of proof and set up the multiple standards of distribution of burden of proof.