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目的 初步探讨大豆蛋白在大鼠体内降低血胆固醇的可能机理。方法 Wistar雌性大鼠 ,经 14天诱发高血胆固醇模型后 ,以 2× 2析因设计 ,分别喂饲含有 2 0 %酪蛋白或大豆分离蛋白和正常钙 (0 5 9% )或高钙浓度 (1 12 % )的纯合成高脂饲料 2 1天。实验结束前 ,测血浆总胆固醇浓度 ,收集 3天粪便 ,测定脂肪、钙、磷、镁的消化率及粪胆汁酸排出量。结果 同酪蛋白组相比 ,其它各组动物的血浆胆固醇浓度及钙和磷的消化率显著下降 (P <0 0 5 )。大豆蛋白组动物的脂肪消化率低于其它各组动物 ,而大豆蛋白高钙组动物的粪胆汁酸排出量高于其它各组动物。结论 本实验结果提示大豆蛋白在大鼠体内降血胆固醇机理可能与大豆蛋白本身的非磷酸化状态有关。
Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of soybean protein lowering blood cholesterol in rats. Methods Female Wistar rats were induced with hypercholesterolemia model after 14 days. The rats were fed with 20% casein or soy protein isolate and normal calcium (0 59%) or high calcium concentration (12%) purely synthetic high-fat diet 21 days. Before the end of the experiment, the plasma total cholesterol concentration was measured and the feces was collected for 3 days to determine the digestibility of fat, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium and fecal bile acid excretion. Results Compared with the casein group, the other groups of animals had significantly lower plasma cholesterol and digestibility of calcium and phosphorus (P <0.05). Fat digestibility of soybean protein group was lower than that of other groups, while manure bile acid excretion of soybean protein high calcium group was higher than other groups of animals. Conclusion The results of this experiment suggest that the mechanism of soy protein in rats may be related to the non-phosphorylation status of soybean protein itself.