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免疫电极是生物传感器的一种,把免疫生物学与电极技术结合.利用抗原抗体间特异性反应,转换成电信号来定量测定抗原或抗体的含量。本文介绍了直接法和间接法免疫电极的基本原理、应用及存在问题,重声、以化学放大的酶免疫电极为中心,综述了各种间接测量方法,如不成膜法、简单竞争法、简单夹心法、抗原酶法、酶通道法、不需酶底物型、介体法、离子型等。
Immune Electrode is a kind of biosensor, the combination of immunobiology and electrode technology.Using the specific reaction between antigen and antibody, converted into electrical signals to quantitatively determine the antigen or antibody content. This paper introduces the basic principle, application and existing problems of direct and indirect immunoassay electrodes, heavy sound and chemical amplification of immune electrode as the center, summarizes various indirect measurement methods, such as non-film-forming method, simple competition method, Simple sandwich method, antigen enzymatic method, enzyme channel method, without enzyme substrate type, mediator, ionic and so on.