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目的研究喉部动脉的影像解剖学为临床提供解剖学依据和资料。方法取36例喉部结构完整的尸体标本,8例尸体标本做动脉铸型,12例尸体标本用MR扫描仪进行水平面和矢状面的扫描,8例尸体标本进行1mm/片冰冻磨铣,8例尸体标本进行大体及显微解剖,并对5种不同的形态学研究方法关于喉部动脉的观测结果进行统计学分析和定性、定量研究。结果左、右甲状腺上动脉的长度分别为(42.30±0.20)mm和(40.50±0.20)mm,起点处的管径分别为(1.80±0.30)mm和(1.65±0.30)mm;左、右甲状腺下动脉的长度分别为(23.60±0.27)mm和(22.40±0.24)mm,起始点的管径为分别为(1.40±0.25)mm和(1.35±0.30)mm。喉上动脉起点处的管径(1.50±0.20)mm,入喉处管径为(1.32±0.15)mm,长度为(18.60±2.45)mm;其入喉处在甲状软骨的前下方,距甲状软骨上角尖的距离,左侧为(6.80～25.50)mm,平均(14.60±2.45)mm;右侧为(7.60～28.60)mm,平均(15.58±2.58)mm,两侧差异有统计学意义(<0.05)。喉下动脉起点处的管径(1.70±0.30)mm,长度为(15.50±1.80)mm。结论喉部动脉的影像解剖学研究,为耳鼻喉头颈科特别是喉部病变的临床诊断和治疗提供更为科学和全面的影像解剖学依据及血供形态学资料。
Objective To study the anatomy of laryngeal arteries to provide anatomical basis and data for clinical practice. Methods Thirty-six cadaver specimens with throat structure were collected. Eight cadaveric specimens were used for the arteries casting. 12 cadaveric specimens were scanned by MR scanner in horizontal and sagittal planes. 8 cadaver specimens were subjected to 1 mm / Eight cases of cadaver specimens were dissected grossly and microdissected. Statistical analyzes and qualitative and quantitative studies were conducted on the observation results of five different morphological methods on laryngeal arteries. Results The lengths of the left and right thyroid arteries were (42.30 ± 0.20) mm and (40.50 ± 0.20) mm, respectively. The diameters of the left and right thyroid arteries were (1.80 ± 0.30) mm and (1.65 ± 0.30) mm, The lengths of the inferior arteries were (23.60 ± 0.27) mm and (22.40 ± 0.24) mm, respectively. The diameter of the inferior artery was (1.40 ± 0.25) mm and (1.35 ± 0.30) mm, respectively. (1.50 ± 0.20) mm at the beginning of the laryngeal artery, (1.32 ± 0.15) mm at the larynx, and (18.60 ± 2.45) mm at the larynx. The throat at the anterior and posterior thyroid cartilage, The distance from the corner of the cartilage was (6.80 ~ 25.50) mm on the left, with an average of (14.60 ± 2.45) mm on the left and (7.60 ~ 28.60) mm on the right, with an average of (15.58 ± 2.58) mm (<0.05). The diameter of the inferior laryngeal artery at the beginning (1.70 ± 0.30) mm and the length of (15.50 ± 1.80) mm. Conclusions The study of the anatomy of laryngeal arteries provides a more scientific and comprehensive basis for image anatomy and blood supply morphological data for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of otorhinolaryngology head and neck diseases, especially laryngeal diseases.