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目的:分析海宁市2010-2013年手足口病的流行病学特征,为手足口病防控提供依据。方法:运用描述性流行病学方法对国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统收集的海宁市2010-2013年手足口病人的个案资料进行分析。用RT-PCR方法对采集的病例咽拭子标本进行肠道病毒核酸检测和型别鉴定。结果:2010-2013年海宁市累计报告手足口病例4 911例,平均发病率为154.90/10万,病例主要集中在4-7月份,发病年龄主要集中在5岁以内,男性平均发病率高于女性,以散居儿童和幼托儿童居多。采集手足病病人的咽拭子样本272例,检出EV阳性病例188例,阳性率为69.12%,其中EV71阳性率为30.88%,Cox A16阳性率为20.96%,其他肠道病毒阳性率为17.28%。不同性别及不同年龄组之间检测结果差异无统计学意义。结论:手足口病是海宁市重要传染病之一,主要的病原体为EV71和Cox A16,应加强相应的监测工作。
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Haining from 2010 to 2013 and provide basis for prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the case data of hand-foot-mouth patients in Haining from 2010 to 2013 collected by the national disease monitoring information reporting management system. The collected samples of throat swabs were detected by RT-PCR for enterovirus nucleic acid and type identification. Results: From 2009 to 2013, Haining City reported a total of 4 911 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease with an average incidence of 154.90 / 100 000. The cases mainly concentrated in April-July. The age of onset was mainly within 5 years of age, and the average incidence of male was higher than Women, mostly diaspora and kindergarten children. A total of 272 EV-positive cases were collected, the positive rate was 69.12%. The positive rate of EV71 was 30.88%, the positive rate of Cox A16 was 20.96%, and the positive rate of other enterovirus was 17.28 %. There was no significant difference in the detection results between different genders and different age groups. Conclusion: Hand, foot and mouth disease is one of the major infectious diseases in Haining City. The main pathogens are EV71 and Cox A16, and corresponding monitoring work should be strengthened.