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泾河流域的天然聚湫多分布在切深的黄土冲沟的中游或上游。这些地区的沟谷一般呈不对称的 V 型,坡陡(约50°～60°)、谷深(约100～200米)、底窄(约数米),比降约1/2～1/6,一般都已切穿上部黄土层,切入第四系下更新统粘土或第三系上新统三趾马红土层中。由于沟道急剧下切,沟坡极不稳定,滑坡、崩塌等物理地质现象极易发生。聚湫主要是陡坡下滑堵塞了沟道,把洪水、泥沙拦蓄起来形成的。当然地震活动产生山崩堵塞沟道也
The natural polygamy in Jinghe River Basin distributes in the middle or upper reaches of cut loess gully. The valleys in these areas are generally asymmetric V-shaped with steep slopes (about 50 ° -60 °), deep valleys (about 100-200 meters), narrow at the end (about several meters) and a drop of about 1/2 to 1 / 6, generally have cut through the upper loess layer, cut into the Quaternary Pleistocene clay or Tertiary Matilda tracery red soil. Due to the drastic cutting of the channel, the groove slope is extremely unstable, and physical geology phenomena such as landslide and collapse easily occur. Poly 湫 mainly steep slopes slide blocked the channel, the flood and sediment storage formed. Of course, there are landslides in the seismic activity to plug the channel too