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[目的]了解河南省医疗机构法定传染病漏报情况,为正确评估河南省法定传染病发病水平和流行特征提供理论依据。[方法]采用多级抽样方法在全省范围内抽取56家医疗机构开展调查。[结果]全省医疗机构传染病总漏报率为21.04%,基层医疗机构漏报率相对较高;门诊和化验室的漏报率分别为16.31%和20.25%。乙类传染病漏报率为14.65%,漏报率较高的病种为伤寒(85.71%)、细菌性痢疾(25.51%)、布病(20.00%)和丙肝(19.54%)等;丙类传染病漏报率为31.78%,漏报率较高的病种为急性出血性结膜炎(90.00%)、其他感染性腹泻(30.99%)、流行性腮腺炎(30.65%)和手足口病(30.19%);乙、丙类法定传染病漏报率差异有统计学意义。[结论]河南省医疗机构传染病漏报情况较为严重,丙类传染病漏报率明显高于乙类。各级医疗机构应加强传染病报告管理工作,建立长期、快速、有效的反馈机制和沟通机制;对临床医生进行针对性培训,提高其传染病报告的法律意识和责任感。
[Objective] To understand the omission of notifiable infectious diseases in medical institutions in Henan Province and provide theoretical basis for the correct assessment of the prevalence and prevalence of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province. [Method] The multi-level sampling method was used to survey 56 medical institutions within the province. [Results] The total missing rate of infectious diseases in medical institutions in the province was 21.04%, while that of primary medical institutions was relatively high. The omission rates of outpatient and laboratory were 16.31% and 20.25% respectively. The rate of omission of type B infectious diseases was 14.65%. The types of diseases with high false negative rates were typhoid (85.71%), bacillary dysentery (25.51%), brucella (20.00%) and hepatitis C (19.54%), Infectious diseases accounted for 31.78% of the total, and the cases with higher false negative rates were acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (90.00%), other infectious diarrhea (30.99%), mumps (30.65%) and hand, foot and mouth disease 30.19%). There was a significant difference in the omission of notifiable statutory infectious diseases in categories B and C. [Conclusion] The omission of infectious diseases in medical institutions in Henan Province is more serious, and the omission rate of infectious diseases of C is obviously higher than that of B. Medical institutions at all levels should strengthen the management of infectious disease reports and establish long-term, rapid and effective feedback mechanisms and communication mechanisms; and provide targeted training to clinicians to raise their legal consciousness and sense of responsibility for reporting infectious diseases.