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以三乙醇胺为原料,通过氯化反应、烷基化反应和磺化反应合成了一种具有3条疏水碳链和3个磺酸盐亲水基团的星型表面活性剂。对其进行了临界胶束浓度(CMC)考察,结果表明:在25℃下,该表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度为4.93×10~(-5)mol/L,此时的表面张力为32.5 m N/m。同时,考察了星型表面活性剂和NaOH质量浓度对原油/水界面张力的影响。结果表明:当表面活性剂质量浓度为0.1 g/L、NaOH质量浓度为0.5 g/L、温度为50℃时,原油/水体系的界面张力由4.0×10~(-2)m N/m降至1.1×10~(-4)m N/m。自乳化实验表明:该表面活性剂质量浓度在0.1 g/L时就能将原油乳化成粒径为5~20μm的O/W乳状液。
Using triethanolamine as raw material, a star-shaped surfactant with three hydrophobic carbon chains and three sulfonate hydrophilic groups was synthesized by chlorination, alkylation and sulfonation. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) was investigated. The results showed that the critical micelle concentration of this surfactant was 4.93 × 10 -5 mol / L at 25 ℃, and the surface tension at this time was 32.5 m N / m. At the same time, the effects of star-type surfactant and NaOH concentration on the interfacial tension of crude oil / water were investigated. The results showed that the interfacial tension of the crude oil / water system was improved from 4.0 × 10 -2 mN / m to 0.1 g / L with the NaOH concentration of 0.5 g / L and the temperature of 50 ℃. To 1.1 × 10 ~ (-4) m N / m. Self-emulsification experiments showed that the surfactant could emulsify the crude oil into O / W emulsions with the particle size of 5 ~ 20μm at the mass concentration of 0.1 g / L.