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应用竞争性逆转录聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）测定了１０例急性粒细胞白血病Ｍ＿２型（ＡＭＬ）患者外周血网织红细胞中α／β珠蛋白ｍＲＮＡ的相对含量，其中８例表现不同程度增高，２例正常，均值为１．５１３±０．１８２（±ｓ），与正常对照组（１．２４±０．０８３）进行ｔ检验比较，有非常显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）．此外，ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ分析显示ＡＭＬ患者β珠蛋白基因启动子区序列（５＇端－１３５至＋１２２位核苷酸）无明显异常。说明ＡＭＬ患者珠蛋白基因表达失衡系由于转录异常，很可能系ＡＭＬ的发生对α／β珠蛋白基因的平衡表达产生了某种影响，从而表现为获得性β地中海贫血特征。实验结果为进一步探讨白血病的发病机理及其α／β珠蛋白基因表达失衡的机制奠定了基础。
The relative content of α/β-globin mRNA in peripheral blood reticulocytes of 10 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia M 2 (AML) was determined by competitive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 8 of which showed different results. The degree increased, 2 cases were normal, the mean value was 1.513±0.182(±s), compared with the normal control group (1.24±0.083) t-test, there was a very significant difference (P<0.01). . In addition, PCR-SSCP analysis revealed no significant abnormalities in the β-globin gene promoter sequence (nucleotides 5′-135 to +122) in AML patients. It is suggested that the imbalance of globin gene expression in AML patients is due to transcriptional abnormalities. It is likely that the occurrence of AML exerts some influence on the balanced expression of α/β globin genes, and thus appears to be characteristic of acquired β-thalassemia. The experimental results lay a foundation for further exploring the pathogenesis of leukemia and the mechanism of the imbalance of α/β globin gene expression.