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不锈钢结构和成分的调节对获得良好综合性能至关重要.为了使铝热反应完全、降低316L奥氏体不锈钢(ASSs)中残余Al的含量,在反应粉体中加入了不同过量分数的Fe2O3粉末,详细分析了过量Fe2O3对316LASSs微纳米组织和拉伸性能的影响.结果表明,随着Fe2O3过量分数的增加,铁素体相的体积分数显著降低,而纳米晶的体积分数由87.4％提高到了93.4％,平均晶粒尺寸由32nm降低到了22nm.对比分析表明,铝热法制备316LASSs的最佳工艺参数为添加过量分数5.0％的Fe2O3,在该条件下制备的单相奥氏体钢,其抗拉强度为573.92 MPa,屈服强度为340.12 MPa,延伸率为4.68％.“,”The regulation of structure and composition is very important for obtaining stainless steel with good comprehensive properties.Fe2O3 powers with different excess fraction were added in reaction powders to make complete aluminothermic reaction and reduce the content of Al in 316L ASSs.The effects of excess Fe2O3in reactions on microstructure and tensile properties of micro-nano structure of 316L austenitic stainless steels were analyzed.The results show that with the increase of Fe2O3 excess fraction,the volume fraction of ferrite phase reduces significantly while the volume fraction of nanocrystalline increases from 87.4％to 93.4％and the average grain size decreases from 32 nm to 22 nm.The comparative analysis shows that the Fe2O3 excess fraction of 5.0％is the best processing parameter for the 316L ASSs preparation by the aluminothermic method.For the single phase austenitic steel prepared under this condition,the tensile strength is 573.92 MPa,the yield strength is 340.12 MPa,and the elongation is 4.68％.