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目的:描述新疆牧区牧业人口孕产妇保健服务的利用状况,为新疆牧业医院制定人力资源配置规划及能力建设目标提供决策依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法,对新疆3个牧业县1055户游牧和665户定居牧业人口家庭中15～49岁已婚育龄妇女进行家庭健康询问调查并进行比较分析。结果:2008年新疆牧区15～49岁已婚育龄妇女产前检查率为91.9%(游牧90.7%,定居93.3%)、住院分娩率70.0%(游牧65.5%,定居75.3%)、产后访视率21.7%(游牧17.4%,定居26.8%),均远低于2008年全国平均水平;44.8%的孕产妇没有接受孕早期产前检查,在乡镇卫生院、县级及以上医院产前检查的比例较高;非住院分娩妇女中69.7%是由接生员/村医和家人/朋友接生,可及性差是导致新疆牧区孕产妇在家中分娩最主要的原因;新疆牧区游牧产妇的住院分娩率和产后访视率低于定居者;游牧孕产妇保健的可及性低于定居家族。结论:新疆北部牧区牧民孕产妇保健服务需要量大且远未被满足,政府在牧区尤其是游牧点应加大卫生投入,加快建立健全健康保障制度和牧民医疗救助制度,改善妇女的孕产期保健服务利用状况。
Objective: To describe the utilization status of maternal health services in pastoral areas in Xinjiang and to provide decision-making basis for the planning of human resources allocation and capacity-building in Xinjiang Animal Husbandry Hospital. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey and compare the family health of married women of childbearing age between 15-49 in 1055 nomads and 665 settled heritages in 3 animal husbandry counties in Xinjiang. Results: The rate of antenatal check-up was 91.9% (nomadic 93.7%), hospital delivery rate 70.0% (nomadic 65.5%, resident 75.3%), postpartum visit rate 21.7% (Nomadic 17.4%, Settle 26.8%), far below the national average of 2008; 44.8% of pregnant women did not receive antenatal examination in early pregnancy, the proportion of prenatal examination in township hospitals, county level and above hospitals ; 69.7% of non-hospital delivery women were born by midwives, village doctors and family members / friends, and the poor accessibility caused the most important reasons for delivery of pregnant women at home in Xinjiang pastoral areas; the hospital delivery rate and postpartum Visits were lower than for settlers; nomadic maternal health was less accessible than settling families. Conclusion: The needs of maternal health care in pastoral areas of herdsmen in northern Xinjiang are large and far from being met. The government should increase input in health care in pasturing areas, especially in nomadic areas, speed up the establishment of a sound health insurance system and herdsman medical assistance system to improve women’s maternity period Health service utilization.