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女性不孕的原因十分复杂,可以有一个或几个不孕因素同时并存,其中宫颈因素约占20%左右。本文拟从宫颈的解剖生理、病因病理、检查、治疗等方面探讨宫颈性不孕。一、解剖生理:子宫颈主要由结缔组织及平滑肌组成,在解剖学内口处的平滑肌是螺旋状走行,使其具有括约肌样性质。宫颈的平滑肌成分由上向下逐渐减少,在卵巢激素的影响下,排卵前期宫颈渐渐缩短,宫颈外口逐渐开大,至排卵期可达3mm,即所谓瞳孔状,此种改变有利于精子进入并上行。排卵后则宫颈延长,宫口变小。子宫颈管内衬以由副中肾管演
The causes of female infertility is very complicated, there may be one or more infertile factors coexist, of which about 20% of cervical factors. This article from the cervical anatomy and physiology, etiology and pathology, examination, treatment and other aspects of cervical infertility. First, the anatomy and physiology: Cervix mainly composed of connective tissue and smooth muscle, smooth muscle in the anatomical mouth is a spiral walk, so that it has the sphincter-like nature. Cervical smooth muscle composition decreased gradually from top to bottom, under the influence of ovarian hormones, premature ovulation cervix gradually shortened, cervix and mouth gradually open large to ovulation up to 3mm, the so-called pupil-like, this change is conducive to sperm into And up. Cervical extension after ovulation, cervix smaller. Cervical tube lined by the deputy of the renal tube