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19世纪末20世纪初,美国已成为世界头号工业强国,但美国社会保障立法却明显滞后,究其根源在于美国长期奉行的自由放任主义传统观念根深蒂固的影响。1929年经济危机发生后,当政的胡佛政府依然奉行“管得最少的政府最好”的观念,致使危机不断蔓延和加深,国内各种矛盾加剧。1932年富兰克林.罗斯福战胜胡佛当选美国第32任总统。罗斯福适应现代社会发展需要,力主国家干预和社会保障,促成了1935年《社会保障法》的出台,从而构建起现代美国社会保障制度的基础。
The United States has become the world’s top industrial power in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. However, the social security legislation in the United States has lagged far behind. The root cause of this is the deeply rooted influence of the long-held laissez-faire tradition of the United States. After the economic crisis in 1929, the governing Hoover government still pursued the concept of “the least well-governed government”, causing the crisis to continue to spread and deepen, and all kinds of internal conflicts intensified. 1932 Franklin Roosevelt defeats Hoover to become the 32nd president of the United States. Roosevelt adapted to the needs of modern social development, advocated state intervention and social security, contributed to the introduction of the Social Security Act of 1935, so as to build a modern American social security system.