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目的总结和评估2005~2007年九江市农村改厕对血吸虫病流行区产生的血防效益,为血防改厕的推广和制订血防达标策略提供科学依据。方法选择卫生部公布的全国血吸虫病重流行区(都昌、彭泽、星子、瑞昌等)18个行政村,采用回顾性调查的方法,收集2005~2007年血防流行区改厕年报资料和血吸虫病防治工作年报资料,分析流行区村改厕前后螺情、病情变化,评估改厕后产生的血防效益。结果改厕后流行村阳性螺平均密度下降55.14%,钉螺感染率下降18.18%;推算居民血吸虫感染率较改厕前下降50%。结论血防流行区改厕覆盖率达50%以上,可有效减少血吸虫病再感染,节约国家防治经费支出,增加农户经济收入,提高居民健康质量和环境质量。
Objective To summarize and evaluate the blood-benefit prevention and treatment benefits of rural lavatories in schistosomiasis endemic areas from 2005 to 2007 in Jiujiang, and to provide a scientific basis for the promotion of blood-defending and lavatable toilet and formulating the standard of blood-proof compliance. Methods The 18 administrative villages of the endemic areas of schistosomiasis (Duchang, Pengze, Xingzi, Ruichang and so on) published by the Ministry of Health of China were selected and retrospectively surveyed to collect the annual report of lavatories in 2005-2007 Schistosomiasis prevention and treatment of annual reports data, analysis of the prevalence of the village before and after lavatory to change the toilet, the disease changes to assess the effectiveness of blood-protection after toilet. Results The average density of positive snails in the endemic villages after toilet lavage decreased by 55.14% and the infection rate of snails decreased by 18.18%. The estimated infection rate of schistosomiasis was 50% lower than that before the lavatories. Conclusions The coverage rate of lavatories in epidemic prevention areas is over 50%, which can effectively reduce the re-infection of schistosomiasis, save the funds for national prevention and treatment, increase the economic income of farmers and improve the residents’ health quality and environmental quality.