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通过建立数学模型和Matlab软件,对铝/钢异种金属焊接过程中的固/液相界面和汽/液相界面进行了计算模拟,分析了激光焊接工艺参数对熔池形状和熔深熔宽的影响。结果表明,固/液相界面的熔池深度明显要比汽/液相界面的熔池深,且在横向尺寸和移动方向上的熔池中固/液相界面的区域明显要比汽/液相界面的宽;铝/钢异种金属适宜的焊接工艺参数:激光焊接功率为1 600~1 800 W,焊接速度为25~40 mm/s,激光光斑直径范围为0.2~0.6 mm。
Through the establishment of mathematical model and Matlab software, the solid / liquid interface and the vapor / liquid interface in the dissimilar metal welding of aluminum / steel were calculated and simulated. The effects of laser welding process parameters on the weld pool shape and penetration depth influences. The results show that the depth of the weld pool in the solid / liquid interface is significantly deeper than that in the vapor / liquid interface and the area of the solid / liquid interface in the weld pool in the transverse direction and in the direction of travel is significantly less than that of the vapor / The width of the phase interface; aluminum / steel dissimilar metal suitable welding process parameters: laser welding power of 1 600 ~ 1 800 W, the welding speed of 25 ~ 40 mm / s, laser spot diameter range of 0.2 ~ 0.6 mm.