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为探讨福建省2005-2014年戊型肝炎(戊肝)的流行病学特征,以及为制定预防控制策略提供科学依据,对福建省医疗卫生机构2005-2014年通过全国疾病监测系统报告的戊肝数据进行描述性分析。结果显示:福建省2005-2014年报告戊肝7 872例,平均发病率为2.15/10万,总体呈上升趋势(Z=28.71,P<0.01),2~4月份为高峰期。发病率居前的地区为三明(4.80/10万)、福州(3.53/10万)和宁德(3.30/10万)。发病率平均增长速度居前的区县为蕉城(0.52)、福安(0.49)、延平(0.39)、仙游(0.37)、上杭(0.37)。乡村发病率(3.19/10万)显著高于城镇(1.30/10万),χ2=1 514.68,P<0.01。65~岁组发病率最高(6.08/10万)。男性发病率(3.10/10万)显著高于女性(1.19/10万),χ2=1 532.11,P<0.01。农民是最主要的发病人群,构成比占33.80%。实验室确诊病例构成比呈上升趋势,Z=31.42,P<0.01。订正前共有1 116例戊肝被诊断为其他病种,占14.18%,其中肝炎(未分型)、乙型肝炎(乙肝)居前,分别为938例和132例。福建省戊肝发病率呈上升趋势,部分地区发病率上升较快,老年人多发,农民是高发人群,有关部门应根据流行特征采取有效的预防控制措施。
To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E (hepatitis E) from 2005 to 2014 in Fujian Province and to provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control strategies, the hepatitis E (HEV) reported by the Fujian Provincial Department of Health and Human Services from 2005 to 2014 through the National Disease Surveillance System Data descriptive analysis. The results showed that in Fujian Province, there were 7 872 cases of hepatitis E reported in 2005-2014, with an average incidence rate of 2.15 / 100 000, showing an overall upward trend (Z = 28.71, P <0.01) and a peak from February to April. The top incidence areas were Sanming (4.80 / 100,000), Fuzhou (3.53 / 100,000) and Ningde (3.30 / 100,000). The districts with the highest average incidence of disease incidence were Jiaocheng (0.52), Fu’an (0.49), Yanping (0.39), Xianyou (0.37) and Shanghang (0.37). The incidence rate in rural areas was 3.19 / 100,000, significantly higher than that in urban areas (1.30 / 100,000), χ2 = 1 514.68, P <0.01.65. The highest incidence rate was 6.08 / 100,000. Male morbidity (3.10 / 100,000) was significantly higher than that of females (1.19 / 100,000), χ2 = 1 532.11, P <0.01. Farmers are the most important group of people, accounting for 33.80%. Laboratory diagnosed cases constitute an upward trend, Z = 31.42, P <0.01. Before revision, a total of 1,116 cases of hepatitis E were diagnosed as other diseases, accounting for 14.18%. There were 938 cases of hepatitis B and 132 cases of hepatitis B (hepatitis B), respectively. The incidence of hepatitis E in Fujian Province is on the rise. The incidence in some areas rises rapidly. The incidence of the elderly is high. Peasants are high-risk groups. Relevant departments should take effective preventive and control measures according to the epidemic characteristics.