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目的调查湖北省蛇咬伤流行病学特点,以优化湖北地区毒蛇伤害的防治对策。方法通过对作者医院2014~2016年收治1080例湖北省境内蛇咬伤临床病例进行总结,运用统计学方法对蛇咬伤的临床相关理化指标进行分析,对湖北省毒蛇咬伤病例开展流行病学调查。结果湖北省有其独特的流行病学特征,蛇咬伤的主要蛇种是蝮蛇,蛇咬伤多发生于黄冈市、武汉市远城区、咸宁市,地点一般在丘陵、山区。蛇咬伤集中发生季节为夏秋季,其中9月为高峰期,7~9月发生病例占总病例数的61.67%。蛇咬伤后就诊时间越晚,年龄越大,危重型发生率、死亡率越高。结论湖北省长江流域为蛇咬伤高发地区,有季节性,地域性。针对不同的蛇种、地域和季节特点做好防治对策和药品储备,进行蛇咬伤预防和急救知识宣教非常关键。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of snakebite in Hubei Province to optimize the prevention and treatment of snake damage in Hubei Province. Methods A total of 1,080 cases of snake bites in Hubei Province were collected from 2014 to 2016 in our hospital. The clinical data of snake bites were analyzed by using statistical methods. The epidemiology of snake bites in Hubei province was analyzed. survey. Results Hubei province had its own unique epidemiological characteristics. The main snake bites were viper snakes. Snake bites mostly occurred in Huanggang City, Wuhan City, Xianning City, and the locations were generally in hills and mountains. Snake bites occurred in the summer and autumn seasons, of which September was the peak, from July to September accounted for 61.67% of the total number of cases. Snake bites later treatment time, the older, the incidence of critically ill, the higher the mortality rate. Conclusion The Yangtze River Basin in Hubei Province is a high snakebite area with seasonal and regional characteristics. For different snake species, geographical and seasonal characteristics of prevention and control measures and drug reserves, snake bites prevention and first aid knowledge mission is very crucial.