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以多异氰酸酯、硫代笼状季戊四醇磷酸酯(SPEPA)、聚醚多元醇为主要原料,采用一步法和自由发泡工艺制备SPEPA阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(RPUF)。通过电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、氧指数、冲击强度、压缩强度、热稳定性等测试,研究了SPEPA对泡沫的泡孔结构、阻燃性能、力学性能及热稳定性的影响。结果表明:随SPEPA含量的增加,SPEPA改性RPUF的平均泡孔直径减小,且SPEPA在一定程度上提高了RPUF的阻燃性能。阻燃RPUF的力学性能呈先上升后下降趋势,当SPEPA质量分数为5%时,力学性能最好。SPEPA阻燃RPUF获得了较高的热稳定性,残炭量从9.3%增加至33.1%。
SPEPA flame retardant rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) was prepared by one-step and free-foaming process with polyisocyanate, SPEPA and polyether polyol as the main raw materials. The effects of SPEPA on the cell structure, flame retardancy, mechanical properties and thermal stability of foams were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), oxygen index, impact strength, compressive strength and thermal stability. The results showed that with the increase of SPEPA content, the average cell diameter of SPEPA-modified RPUF decreased, and SPEPA increased the flame retardancy of RPUF to a certain extent. The mechanical properties of flame-retardant RPUF first increased and then decreased. When the mass fraction of SPEPA was 5%, the mechanical properties were the best. SPEPA flame retardant RPUF obtained higher thermal stability, carbon residue increased from 9.3% to 33.1%.