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目的探讨某市妇幼保健院2003年-2012年住院儿童疾病病种变化趋势,为评价医疗需求,合理配置医疗卫生资源提供科学依据。方法从某市妇幼保健院病案室的医院病案系统中导出2003年-2012年住院患儿(0-18岁)病案首页信息。分析各系统疾病构成随时间变化趋势。分析不同年龄、性别之间各系统疾病的构成和顺位是否有差异。结果某市妇幼保健院2003年-2012年收治住院儿童126428例,ICD编码诊断共292802条记录。2003年-2006年排在前三位的病种为起源于围生期的某些情况,呼吸系统疾病,消化系统疾病;而2010年-2012年排在前三位的病种为呼吸系统疾病,起源于围生期的某些情况,特征为皮肤和粘膜损害的病毒性感染。十年期间原位肿瘤、血液系统疾病,特征为皮肤和粘膜损害的病毒性感染,循环系统疾病,构成比增幅明显;而起源于围生期的某些情况下降趋势明显。各病种在男女之间构成比的差值均不到2%(2?=196.925,P<0.001)。新生儿期病种主要是起源于围生期的某些情况;婴儿期主要以呼吸系统疾病为主,其次为消化系统疾病;从幼儿期到青春期呼吸系统疾病均占首位,而青春期原位肿瘤、血液系统疾病构成比逐渐增加(从幼儿期8.25%至青春期22.73%),特征为皮肤和粘膜损害的病毒性感染构成比逐渐下降(从幼儿期12.09%至青春期5.12%)。结论起源于围生期的某些情况,呼吸系统疾病是近十年来主要住院病种。特征为皮肤和粘膜损害的病毒性感染取代消化系统疾病,成为顺位第三的病种。部分病种变化趋势明显。男女之间病种构成比差异较小,而不同年龄段病种差异显著。
Objective To explore the changing trend of disease in hospitalized children in a city MCH hospital from 2003 to 2012, and to provide a scientific basis for evaluating medical needs and rational allocation of medical and health resources. Methods From the hospital medical record system in a maternal and child health care hospital in a certain city, the first page of case information of inpatients (0-18 years old) from 2003 to 2012 was derived. Analysis of the disease composition of each system trend over time. Analysis of different age, gender, the composition of the system of diseases and whether there is a difference in the order. Results A maternal and child health care hospital in Chongqing from 2003 to 2012 admitted 126,428 children hospitalized, ICD coding diagnosis of a total of 292,802 records. The top three diseases in 2003-2006 were some cases of perinatal origin, respiratory diseases and digestive diseases. The top three diseases from 2010 to 2012 were respiratory diseases , Some of the conditions that originate in the perinatal period, and are characterized by viral infections that damage the skin and mucous membranes. In situ tumors, hematologic diseases, viral infections characterized by cutaneous and mucosal damage, and circulatory diseases during the 10-year period showed a significant increase in their constituent ratios. In some cases, which originated in the perinatal period, the trend of decline was obvious. The differences in the proportions between men and women in each disease were less than 2% (2? = 196.925, P <0.001). Neonatal diseases are mainly originated in some cases of the perinatal period; infants mainly respiratory diseases, followed by digestive diseases; from early childhood to adolescent respiratory diseases are the top, and adolescent in situ tumors (From 8.25% in early childhood to 22.73% in puberty), and the proportion of viral infections characterized by skin and mucosal lesions gradually decreased (from 12.09% in early childhood to 5.12% in adolescence). Conclusions In some cases, which originated in the perinatal period, respiratory diseases are the major inpatients in the past decade. A viral infection characterized by cutaneous and mucosal damage replaces digestive diseases and becomes the third most common disease. Some changes in the trend obvious. Differences in disease composition between men and women is small, but significant differences in different age groups.