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大苹果生育的最适年平均温度为7.5—14℃,冬季不能低于-30℃,低于-30℃苹果就遭受严重冻害,甚至冻死。吉林省属寒温带,年平均温度2.1—6.7℃,特殊严寒年份最低极温可达-40℃左右;冬季低温持续时期长,早春回寒变温急剧,致使大苹果很难在吉林省安全越冬,而耐寒的中小型苹果又不耐贮藏,满足不了人民群众对鲜果的需要。为了培育适宜吉林省栽培的大苹果,吉林省特产研究所与吉林省国营梨树农场从1954～1980年经过调查研究培育出具有一定抗寒力、耐贮、较丰产与品质较好的苹果新品种——久光。一、选育经过“久光”苹果原代号“左家三号”、
The optimum annual average temperature for big apple is 7.5-14 ℃, and it can not be lower than -30 ℃ in winter. If it is lower than -30 ℃, the apple will suffer serious freezing damage or even freeze to death. Jilin Province is a cold temperate zone, with annual average temperature of 2.1-6.7 ℃. The minimum temperature in winter can reach as high as about -40 ℃. The duration of low temperature in winter is long and the temperature changes rapidly in early spring, which makes it difficult for big apple to win the winter in Jilin Province safely. The small and medium-sized apples are not resistant to storage, can not meet the people’s needs for fresh fruits. In order to cultivate large apples suitable for cultivation in Jilin Province, Jilin Institute of Specialty Products and state-owned pear farm in Jilin Province have cultivated some new apple with good cold resistance, storability, high yield and good quality from 1954 to 1980 Variety - long light. First, breeding After “long light” Apple original code “left home on the 3rd”