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目的掌握江苏省东台市沿海滩涂地区老鼠、蚊虫、苍蝇、蟑螂的种类、密度、季节消长情况,制订有效的预防控制策略。方法采用鼠笼法、诱蚊灯法、诱蝇笼法、粘蟑纸法按监测方案要求,从2012年6月-2013年12月分别在开发区、老镇区连续布放19个月。结果鼠密度平均为4.63%;鼠种构成以黑线姬鼠为主,占99.60%;鼠密度较高的月份是5~8月。蚊密度平均为4.08只/笼;蚊种构成以淡色库蚊、中华按蚊为主,分别占87.07%、12.59%;蚊密度较高的月份是4~9月。蝇密度平均为6.33只/笼;蝇种构成以家蝇、大头金蝇、丝光绿蝇为主,分别占59.46%、28.27%、10.81%;蝇密度较高的月份是4~9月。蟑螂密度平均为0.28只/张;蟑种构成均为德国小蠊;蟑螂密度较高的月份是7~11月。结论要加强沿海滩涂地区临时工棚、开发区办公场所、居住地的病媒生物环境治理、生物诱杀、药物灭杀等综合防制,包括搭建“介”字型工棚,常年设立毒饵站、毒饵盒。同时要加强开发区肾综合征出血热、疟疾、流行性乙型脑炎、肠道传染病等防病知识的宣传教育;积极推广流行性出血热疫苗的广泛接种。
Objective To master the species, density and season growth and decline of rats, mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches in the coastal beach area of Dongtai, Jiangsu Province, and to formulate effective prevention and control strategies. Methods The methods of squirrel cage, mosquito lamp, fly trap method and sticky cockroach method were used for monitoring program. From June 2012 to December 2013, they were respectively placed in the development zone and Lao Zhen district for 19 months continuously. Results The average rat density was 4.63%. The main species of the mice were Apodemus agrarius, accounting for 99.60%. The month with high rat density was from May to August. The average density of mosquitoes was 4.08 / cage. The species of mosquito was mainly Culex pipiens pallens and Anopheles sinensis, accounting for 87.07% and 12.59% respectively. The months with high mosquito density ranged from April to September. The average density of flies was 6.33 / cage. The species of flies were dominated by housefly, goldfly and green flies, accounting for 59.46%, 28.27% and 10.81% respectively. The months with higher density of flies were from April to September. The average density of cockroaches was 0.28 / leaf; cockroaches were all composed of German cockroaches; the months with high density of cockroaches were from July to November. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen comprehensive prevention and control of temporary shelters along coastal tidal flats, office premises and residential areas in the coastal tidal zone, including vector control of biological environment, biological trapping and killing, and drug extermination, including setting up a “studio” shaped shed, pest station perennial, Bait box. At the same time, publicity and education on disease prevention knowledge such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, malaria, Japanese encephalitis and intestinal infectious diseases in the development zone should be strengthened; and a wide range of inoculation of epidemic hemorrhagic fever vaccines should be actively promoted.