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在发生晚霜的茶园中,试验研究了防霜机不同时间尺度启闭的防霜效果。在茶树萌芽前不同天数、降霜前和日出后不同时间,分别设定开始启用和启闭防霜机的处理,测定其对茶树生长、冠层温度和防霜范围的影响。结果表明:在茶树萌芽前20、15、7 d开始启用防霜机,使新梢长度、芽密度和百芽质量均比对照增加20%以上;防霜机在降霜前2.0、1.5、1.0 h启动,对茶树防霜效果更显著,作用半径比对照增大60%以上;防霜机在日出后2.0、1.5、1.0 h延停,在开始的1 h内可平均减缓冠层温升45.76%,并减小茶树叶片光合强度的降幅。所以,晚霜时为保持茶树较好的长势和产量,应在茶树萌芽前不少于7 d开始启用防霜机,且合适的启动和延停时机分别为降霜前1.0 h和日出后1.0 h。
In the late frost in the tea plantation, the effect of anti-frost on different frost-free time scale was tested. The effects of opening and closing the anti-frost machine and setting the anti-frost machine on the growth, canopy temperature and anti-frost range of the tea plant were determined before and after the frost and before sunrise at different times. The results showed that the anti-frost machine was started 20, 15 and 7 d before germination, which increased the shoot length, shoot density and the mass of buds by more than 20% The effect of anti-frost on tea tree was more significant and its radius of action increased by 60% or more compared with the control. The anti-frost machine stopped at 2.0, 1.5 and 1.0 h after sunrise, and averagely slowed down the canopy temperature within 1 h %, And reduce the decline of photosynthetic intensity of tea leaves. Therefore, in order to maintain the good growth and yield of tea tree during the night frost, the frost-prevention machine should be started no less than 7 days before the tea tree sprout, and the proper starting and delaying time should be 1.0 h before falling frost and 1.0 h after sunrise .